Personal Finance Vocabulary

WordTypePronunciationDefinition
assetnoun/ˈæset/money or property that a person or company owns
Please list all of your assets. 
liabilitynoun/ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/money that is owed
I see your business has a lot of liabilities. 
depositverb/dɪˈpɑzɪt/to put money into a bank account 
Your paycheck is deposited twice a month. 
withdrawverb/wɪðˈdrɔ/to take money out of a bank account
Please withdraw $100 in cash for the weekend. 
interestnoun/ˈɪntrəst/money given by a bank in exchange for you depositing money with them
The loan’s interest rate is 2.99%. 
budgetnoun/ˈbʌdʒət/the amount of money you can spend on different categories each month
The biggest categories on my budget are housing, transportation, and food. 
401(k)  noun/fɔr oʊ wʌn keɪ/ a retirement plan where an employee contributes a percentage of each paycheck
I put 10% of my salary into my 401(k). 
pensionnoun/ˈpenʃ(ə)n/money a retired person receives from their former company or the government
I am eligible for a pension after working for the same company for 20 years. 
IRAnoun/ˌaɪ ɑr ˈeɪ/Individual Retirement Account; money people save to be used when they retire
I contribute $6,000 per year into an IRA. 
bankruptadjective/ˈbæŋkˌrʌpt/when a person or business has no money and cannot pay what they owe
The company went bankrupt in 2008. 
diversifyverb/dɪˈvɜrsɪfaɪ/to buy many different types of investments to spread out your risk
You should diversify your portfolio by investing in many different companies. 
beneficiarynoun/ˌbenəˈfɪʃəri/someone who gets your belongings or money if you die
You should setup a beneficiary on your account. 
incomenoun/ˈɪnˌkʌm/money someone gets from working or investing
How much income do you make each year? 
willnoun/wɪl/a legal document that says what should happen to your property when you die
We are seeing a lawyer to write up a will. 
stocknoun/stɑk/one equal part of a company that can be purchased as an investment
I purchased 10 shares of stock. 
bondnoun/bɑnd/a document given to an investor as a promise to payback the money plus interest at a later date
I purchased a five year government bond. 

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